About 200 students, along with some faculty and alumni, mobilized for the event, said Arkeem Fleming, Fayetteville State Student Senate president pro tem.
Fleming said the Fayetteville State student government sponsored the rally to express concerns over a proposed bill in the N.C. House.
The House proposal calls for a study to examine the feasibility and possible benefits of changing the name of Fayetteville State to the University of North Carolina at Fayetteville.
Rep. Bill Hurley, D-Cumberland, proposed the bill in June. He said the idea to change the university's name had been discussed for years in the county.
"If there is any way the school could benefit, it is certainly a good idea," he said.
Fleming said students were upset that the name change was proposed without any campus consultation.
"We, as a student body, find it offensive that (the N.C. General Assembly) didn't include us at all," Fleming said. "We have been educating students since August on the issue."
A Fayetteville State student government-sponsored advertisement on the university's Web site encouraged students to come to the rally and discourage the Board of Trustees and the General Assembly from considering the name change.
Fleming said there was no legitimate reason to change the university's name.